了解自癒力 / 揚生研究&出版

Perspectives on Well‑being of Older Adults and Young People in Taiwan‑ A Q‑Methodology Study

2025/9/8

揚生慈善基金會

台灣高齡者與青年的幸福感觀點──Q方法研究

作者：Hua‑I Hsu · Chih‑Chi Liu · Chun‑Yu Kuo · Job van Exel · Hsueh‑Chih Chen · Stephanie Fu Yang

Received: 24 June 2024 / Accepted: 27 November 2024
© The International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies (ISQOLS) and Springer Nature B.V. 2025

ABSTRACT

Well-being has been described as a multifaceted concept that is not easy to summarize in a single measure, especially across different generations. Questions remain regarding the factors constituting well-being across generations and whether these factors are weighed differently. This study explores these generational discrepancies in well-being perceptions using Q-methodology. Participants (N = 176) in Taiwan, categorized as older adults (53) and young adults (123), ranked statements representing various well-being factors. Analysis identified five distinct viewpoints across both generations, which were (1) physical health and spiritual harmony, (2) interpersonal relationships, sufficient income, and health (3) personal health, financial stability, inner peace, and goals (4) fulfillment and life satisfaction, and (5) personal achievement-centric well-being, signifying the multifaceted nature of well-being priorities across age groups. Notably, older adults showed a strong consensus on viewpoints emphasizing physical well-being and social connections, while younger adults placed greater weight on a broader range of well-being factors including financial security, inner peace, and goal achievement. Cultural influences were also evident in the rankings. These findings highlight the need for well-being measures and policies that cater to the diverse needs of different generations. Future research should explore the prevalence of these viewpoints, their connection to individual characteristics, and how they evolve over time and in different socio-economic contexts, potentially reflecting changing societal values.

「幸福感」是一個多面向的概念，難以透過單一指標加以總結，特別是在跨世代比較時更為複雜。不同世代對於幸福感構成要素的看法與其權重分配仍存有疑問。本研究透過 Q 方法學探討跨世代在幸福感認知上的差異。臺灣共有 176 位參與者，其中包含 53 位高齡者與 123 位青年，需對各種代表幸福感要素的陳述句進行排序。分析結果辨識出五種不同的觀點：(1) 身體健康與心靈和諧、(2) 人際關係、足夠收入與健康、(3) 個人健康、財務穩定、內心平靜與目標、(4) 自我實現與生活滿意度、以及 (5) 以個人成就為核心的幸福感，顯示不同年齡層對幸福優先順序的多元性。

值得注意的是，高齡者在強調身體健康與社會連結的觀點上展現高度共識；相較之下，青年則更看重涵蓋財務安全、內心平靜與目標達成等更廣泛的幸福面向。文化影響亦清晰地反映在排序之中。研究結果凸顯，幸福感的衡量與相關政策需因應不同世代的多元需求。未來研究應進一步探討這些觀點的普遍性、與個人特質的關聯，以及它們隨時間與不同社會經濟脈絡變化的過程，以反映社會價值的動態轉變。

To cite this article:

Hsu, HI., Liu, CC., Kuo, CY. et al. Perspectives on Well-being of Older Adults and Young People in Taiwan- A Q-Methodology Study. Applied Research Quality Life 20, 483–521 (2025).